Blogs
By John Clark
A report this week from Detroit’s emergency manager says the downtrodden city is completely broke and may soon have to file for bankruptcy, according to the Associated Press.
The report, a 41-page analysis that aimed to portray a realistic picture of the city’s finances, said Detroit is on the verge of financial collapse, which would lead to lost paychecks for city workers, deep service cuts, and the loss of pension benefits.
And Kevyn Orr, the city’s emergency manager, believes that Detroit’s only remaining option could eventually be a trip to bankruptcy court.
Detroit May Soon File for Municipal Bankruptcy
As the city teeters on the brink of financial collapse, Orr has been given the unenviable task of negotiating deals with Detroit’s numerous creditors.
But James McTevia, a financial expert in Detroit, believes that Orr may head to bankruptcy court when he “gets his back against the wall and he can’t meet payroll.”
If such a dire scenario does happen, Orr would be left with few options besides seeking the protection of a bankruptcy judge.
And the report released this week does not bode well for Orr’s attempts to avoid bankruptcy. Sources say Detroit had a staggering $162 budget shortfall as of April 26, and that the deficit will likely approach $390 million in the next two months.
Orr noted in his report that the data could change as his team gathers more information, but said that “continuing along the current path is an ill-advised and unacceptable course of action if the city is to be put on the path to a sustainable future.”
Detroit Sets New Standard for Financial Irresponsibility
According to sources, Detroit is the largest city in the United States to be forced into state control, and the city’s financial collapse led to the extreme solution of placing a single person in charge of its money.
Sources say Orr controls how Detroit spends its budget, as those decisions have been removed from the control of Mayor Dave Bing and the City Council.
The two sides, however, seem to be cooperating, as a recent statement released from Bing’s office says that Orr’s conclusions are “consistent” with the administration’s own findings.
Sources also note that Detroit’s financial woes started well before Bing, a former professional basketball star, took office.
Nevertheless, Bing is now the captain of a sinking ship. In Orr’s words, the city’s operations have been rendered “dysfunctional and wasteful after years of budgetary restrictions, mismanagement, crippling operational practices and, in some cases, indifference or corruption.”
In Oregon, homeowners who want to challenge a non-judicial foreclosure can now opt for mediation. They pay two hundred dollars in order to meet with a housing counselor, then sit down with both a state-sanctioned mediator and a representative of the bank. While Consumer advocates anticipate many homes will still be foreclosed, the hope is that those who are still capable of making mortgage payments will be able to renegotiate their loans. This modification to the foreclosure process is currently available only in non-judicial foreclosure. For a variety of reasons, lenders have in the last year or so shifted to initiating judicial foreclosure through the courts.
It is hoped that changes to Oregon’s mortgage mediation program allowing the mediation option in judicial foreclosure will be enacted by the 2013 Oregon legislature.The state senators who negotiated the foreclosure mediation program have said they want to expand mediation requirements to judicial foreclosures, since more lenders are going through the courts.
IF you are in the midst of a judicial foreclosure, there is no need to go it alone. Contact the Northwest Debt Relief Law Firm at 503-232-5303 or 206-674-4559. We would be more than happy to help.
The original post is titled Mediation and Oregon Judicial Foreclosure? , and it came from Oregon Bankruptcy Lawyer | Portland, Salem, and Vancouver, Wa .
The automatic stay in bankruptcy may feel like a children’s game, but the protections it offers are serious business.
You file for bankruptcy with the expectation that your creditors are going to buzz off. They can’t call, write or in any way ask you to pay a pre-bankruptcy debt.
There are some exceptions to the rule, but for the most part you’re persona non grata.
But as with anything else, there are rules to follow when it comes to the automatic stay.
Notice, Notice, Notice
The law provides that the only way a creditor or collector can get in trouble for violating the automatic stay is if they have notice of your bankruptcy filing.
Without notice, the creditor can’t get in trouble – it’s chalked up to an “oops” moment.
Your goal, then, is to be sure the creditors and collectors have notice of your filing. When I file a bankruptcy case for one of my clients, here are the steps I take:
- read the bill to find out the name and address of the creditor;
- if the creditor has an official mailing address to receipt of bankruptcy notices, use that on the bankruptcy schedules;
- if the creditor does not have an official mailing address to receipt of bankruptcy notices, call customer service and get a good address for the creditor if I don’t already have one;
- list every one of the creditor’s addresses I can find – including, if need be, the corporate headquarters;
- list all debt collectors that have ever been involved with each debt;
- review the credit report to list all debts shown there; and
- pick my client’s brain to find out any other possible creditors – and list them.
This is imperfect, but it’s the best means I’ve found for giving notice of the bankruptcy filing. Once the case is filed, the clerk will automatically send notices to listed creditors, collectors, and anyone else listed on the schedules.
Creditors Who Keep Calling Get Whacked
If a creditor has notice of your bankruptcy filing, they can’t claim they made a mistake.
If a creditor contacts you after notice, their actions are automatically assumed to have been intentional.
You have the ability to sue for violations of the automatic stay. You can get money for damages as well as for your legal fees.
That’s right, the creditor pays your lawyer.
Most important, however, is the fact that you can get the creditor to stop contacting you. The money’s nice, but the critical piece of the puzzle is the peace of mind you get when the phone stops ringing and the letters stop coming.
Image credit: madabandon
How To Handle Creditors Who Call You After You File For Bankruptcy was originally published on Consumer Help Central. If you're seeing this message on another site, it has been stolen and is being used without permission. That's illegal, a violation of copyright, and just plain awful.
I’ve been practicing bankruptcy law for a while now, and I’ve been surprised at how many very good bankruptcy lawyers either give bad tax advice or incomplete tax advice. I’m also surprised at how many of these good lawyers send clients out the door, because the client has a tax issue that can’t be solved in bankruptcy.
Tax debt is one of the most common and complicated debts that our clients face. It is also one of the least understood. Every bankruptcy lawyer can recite the tax discharge rules off the top of their head; but that isn’t enough. Tax resolution should be part of every bankruptcy lawyer’s tool kit. Understanding tax resolution is a sound business practice and a sound professional practice for bankruptcy attorneys. If you don’t have a proper understanding of tax resolution you are losing out on a major source of business, client service suffers, and you increase your malpractice risk.
Some Tax Resolution Background
Tax resolution is the area of tax practice that involves tax debts. It is discrete from tax preparation and tax planning. Generally, people who owe $10,000 or more to the IRS will require some professional assistance with their tax debts. Most people only qualify for the basic streamlined installment plan or the voluntary repayment plan. However, another large group of people will qualify for the more extensive relief that you can obtain from a partial payment installment agreement, innocent spouse relief, or an offer in compromise.
Tax resolution is a troubled practice area. You probably recall the TV ads that promised people that they could settle their taxes for “pennies on the dollar.” Most of those companies were running boiler room operations that preyed on taxpayers’ fear of the IRS. Those companies are gone now; because the IRS and state regulators shut them down. However, there are still many fly by night operations bombarding people with direct mail or running PPC ads online.
Tax resolution is also a difficult practice area to fit under any one category. Tax preparers such as enrolled agents and CPAs can represent taxpayers in front of the IRS; however, they do not necessarily have the background in litigation and negotiation to be effective advocates. Tax attorneys are often more focused on transactional law, entity formation, and tax planning. However, bankruptcy lawyers are a great fit for tax resolution; because there is extensive overlap between the two practice areas.
Bankruptcy Lawyers Make Great Tax Resolution Lawyers
Many lawyers assume that in order to be an effective tax lawyer you need an LLM in tax; or at the very least, a full course of tax classes in law school. That’s probably true if you want to do sophisticated transactional work or sophisticated tax planning. That couldn’t be further from the truth for tax resolution.
Yes, you need to understand the basics of taxation. However, most tax lawyers took baby tax in law school. Even if you didn’t take baby tax, a good Enrolled Agents prep course will give you the background you need in understanding things like the definition of income, allowable deductions, tax basis, pass through entities, gift tax, and the like.
The fact is that the core of tax resolution is virtually indistinguishable from bankruptcy practice. If you can fill out a bankruptcy petition and confirm a chapter 13 plan, you can setup an installment payment agreement or get an offer in compromise approved. I won’t get into the mechanics, but I was blown away by how similar the IRS’ tax resolution forms are to the bankruptcy petition. Also, you’re already familiar with the IRS expense guidelines; because, they are the basis for the means test.
But most importantly, tax resolution and bankruptcy are the same intellectual discipline. In both practice areas, you are dealing with clients who have debt problems and are under a tremendous amount of stress. The IRS is probably the most feared creditors out there, except for the maybe the mafia. However, unlike the mafia, the IRS can be very reasonable and very fair if you know how to talk to them; and the truth is, an IRS collection agent is no more difficult to deal with than a trustee or secured creditor. It’s the same conversation, just in a different context.
You’re Taking A Risk If You Don’t Understand Tax Resolution
Have you ever told a client to wait out either the tax discharge period before they could file a case or put them into a chapter 13 because they couldn’t wait? How do you handle cases where the client can’t afford a chapter 13 but can’t discharge all of their tax debt in a chapter 7? What do you do with a client who is at risk of losing property in a chapter 7, but needs to file to get the IRS off of their back? Have you ever had a client whose only problem creditor was the IRS?
These are all scenarios that every bankruptcy lawyer has faced. These are also scenarios where you run the risk of failing to get your client the best possible deal or even of committing malpractice. This is because tax resolution and bankruptcy are hand in glove with each other.
The new standards for offers in compromise mean that people with non-dischargeable tax debt may get a much better deal if they go through tax resolution, instead of filing a chapter 13. If you can get the client an offer in compromise and then follow it up with a chapter 7, you may have just saved that client thousands of dollars. Additionally, you can use an “effective administration” application for offer in compromise for a client who has non-exempt property that is either vulnerable in a chapter 7 or going to pump up a chapter 13 plan payment. However, you should also know when an offer in compromise application creates the risk of adding to non-dischargeable tax debt.
Also, have your read IRS Circular 230? Because if you haven’t, you may be surprised to find out that you are already a tax lawyer in the eyes of the IRS Office of Professional Responsibility. At a minimum, you need to know how the IRS defines “covered opinion” and “reliance advice” before you answer any question about taxes in bankruptcy, particularly if the client has any unfiled tax returns or unassessed taxes.
You’re Losing Business
How many clients have come to you with unfiled tax returns and you sent to a CPA or tax preparer and then they never came back? How many clients had a tax problem that bankruptcy couldn’t fix? It happens.
I used to get clients all the time who needed tax returns prepared – very simple 1040s – and I’d tell them to get the returns prepared and then come back and we’d file their bankruptcy; and, then they’d just never come back. I used to get clients who had a tax problem but couldn’t file bankruptcy for some reason, and I’d say “I’m sorry, good luck.” I used to get clients who had spent thousands of dollars on useless tax advice, where I could have gotten them the same result or better for a fraction of the cost of what they spent on some boiler room tax resolution service.
Bottom line, a client wants a lawyer who can offer full service debt relief, including tax debts; and they’ll be impressed by a lawyer who not only provides full service debt relief but can take care of their unfiled tax returns at the same time.
Tax used to make me nervous. Now it is a central part of my bankruptcy practice. I feel like I’m a better lawyer because I can offer my clients a more complete set of services with a higher level of professional skill.
Well-known vacuum company Oreck filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy after decreasing vacuum sales. The company will continue operations during the filing, while in the process of restructuring in hopes of acquiring a buyer. Oreck is known for producing upright vacuums and cleaning products through online and direct phone sales, as well as through their Oreck [...]
Debt isn’t always bad, but be careful about taking on too much… It gets a bad rap, but debt is not necessarily always a bad thing. In the business world, Fortune 500 companies sell off debt in the form of bonds to raise capital and expand operations. They create jobs in the process. In the [...]The post Do you have too much debt to handle? Know the signs… appeared first on National Bankruptcy Forum.
The last thing consumers in the Seattle and Tacoma, Washington metro areas need are layoffs of any kind. Even if they don’t directly effect you, a friend or a family member, the loss of jobs means less money for Seattle and Tacoma area businesses. This is why the news that Boeing will be terminating 1,500 information-technology positions in the Puget Sound region over the next three years is a bitter pill for Seattle and Tacoma area consumers to swallow.
Apparently the cuts will affect nearly a third of the total 4,700 Boeing IT positions here, well paying jobs all, and continue a streak of cuts that has hit several divisions of the company since March. While Boeing will be offering severance packages to some employees who volunteer for layoff, this news provides little in the way of long term comfort to families who have depended on Boeing for generations.
The original post is titled Boeing Layoffs Harm Seattle and Tacoma Washington Area Consumers , and it came from Oregon Bankruptcy Lawyer | Portland, Salem, and Vancouver, Wa .
In bankruptcy, you’re faced with a laundry list of duties. Ignore them at your peril.
Making the decision to file for bankruptcy isn’t easy.
You’re poring over options, looking to solve your problem in the best way for you.
You’ve probably talked with a bunch of lawyers to find someone who knows the ropes and with whom you feel the most comfortable. Finally, you decide that Chapter 7 is the way to go.
Now dig in – you’ve got things to do.
Before Your Case Is Filed
A bankruptcy filing consists of a full-blown inventory of everything you own, everything you owe, and a fairly comprehensive detail of your finances over the past months and years. We’ve talked about the documents you need to get your bankruptcy filing in order, so consider that as part of your responsibilities.
Beyond that, remember that you need to get your credit counseling certification done. Yes, the process is a gigantic waste of time – but I don’t make the rules, I just play by them.
Your Duties As A Debtor In Chapter 7 Bankruptcy
Now that you’ve done the legwork to get your documents together, you’ve got to file your Chapter 7 case and live up to your duties under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. There is a dizzying list of the things you’ve got to do.
When you file your bankruptcy case, you must file the following documents:
- a list of creditors, schedule of assets and liabilities; schedule of current income and current expenditures, and a statement of financial affairs;
- a certification that you’ve received and read the notices required under the law;
- copies of all payment advices or other evidence of payment received within 60 days before the date of the filing of the petition, by you from any employer;
- a certificate from the approved nonprofit budget and credit counseling agency that provided you with the required pre-bankruptcy credit counseling session, as well as any repayment plan proposed during that session;
- a record of any interest that you have in an education individual retirement account or under a qualified State tuition program;
- a statement of the amount of monthly net income, itemized to show how the amount is calculated; and
- a statement disclosing any reasonably anticipated increase in income or expenditures over the 12-month period following the date of the filing of the petition.
If you have any secured debts, then:
- within thirty days after your bankruptcy case is filed (or on or before the date of the meeting of creditors, whichever is earlier) then you must file a statement of intention with respect to whether you’re going to keep the property that’s secured by the debt or give it up; and
- within 30 days after the first date set for the meeting of creditors, perform your intention with respect to the secured property.
Your Duties With Respect To The Bankruptcy Trustee
As you know, there’s a trustee appointed in every Chapter 7 bankruptcy case. You’ve got duties with respect to your dealings with that person, as well. Some of those duties include:
- cooperate as necessary to enable the trustee to perform the trustee’s duties;
- surrender all property of the estate and any recorded information, including books, documents, records, and papers, relating to property of the estate;
- appear at the meeting of creditors held by the trustee, as well as any follow-up meetings;
- not later than 7 days before the date first set for the first meeting of creditors, provide to the trustee a copy of the Federal income tax return for the most recent tax year ending immediately before the commencement of the case and for which a Federal income tax return was filed;
- document your identity, including a driver’s license, passport, or other document that contains your photo.
If You Don’t Play By The Rules
The rules of filing Chapter 7 bankruptcy are simple: play by them or go home.
A failure to live up your responsibilities and fulfill your duties will lead to dismissal of your bankruptcy case.
Some failures trigger and automatic dismissal.
Others occur only when the trustee or some other party to your bankruptcy makes a motion and a request to the judge.
Avoid the problem of dismissal by doing what you need to do. No excuses.
You need to do your job and the trustee needs to do his job. The trustee wants you to get a discharge. But the trustee wants to liquidate your non-exempt assets so that your creditors get a fair distribution and so the trustee gets paid for his efforts.
Your Duties As A Debtor In A Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Case was originally published on Consumer Help Central. If you're seeing this message on another site, it has been stolen and is being used without permission. That's illegal, a violation of copyright, and just plain awful.
By ANNIE LOWREY The anemic economy has left millions of younger working Americans struggling to get ahead. The added millstone of student loan debt, which recently exceeded $1 trillion in total, is making it even harder for many of them, delaying purchases of things like homes, cars and other big-ticket items and acting as a drag on growth, economists said.
Consider Shane Gill, a 33-year-old high-school teacher in New York City. He does not have a car. He does not own a home. He is not married. And he is no anomaly: like hundreds of thousands of others in his generation, he has put off such major purchases or decisions in part because of his debts.
Mr. Gill owes about $45,000 in federal student loans, plus another $40,000 to his parents. That investment in his future has led to a secure job with decent pay and good benefits. But it has left him with tremendous financial constraints, as he faces chipping away at the debt for years on end.
“There’s this anxiety: what if I decided I wanted to get married or have children?” Mr. Gill said. “I don’t know how I would. And that adds to the sense of precariousness. There’s a persistent, buzzing kind of toothache around it.”
The Federal Reserve Bank of New York, in a new study, found that 30-year-olds with student loans were now less likely to have debts like home mortgages than 30-year-olds without student loans — even though most of those with student loans are better educated and can expect to earn more money over their lifetimes. The same pattern holds true for 25-year-olds and car loans.
“It is a new thing, a big social experiment that we’ve accidentally decided to engage in,” said Kevin Carey, the director of the Education Policy Program at the New America Foundation, a research group based in Washington. “Let’s send a whole class of people out into their professional lives with a negative net worth. Not starting at zero, but starting at a minus that is often measured in the tens of thousands of dollars. Those minus signs have psychological impact, I suspect. They might have a dollars-and-cents impact in what you can afford, too.”
The weak economy and tight credit standards remain the main culprits preventing young people just establishing themselves from making major purchases. But millions now face putting a substantial share of their take-home pay toward past debts rather than present needs. Student loan debt leaves them with less money for things like clothes and restaurant meals. And it is even more likely to suppress purchases of more expensive items that need to be bought with credit. A poor job market is compounding the problem: the educational debt burden of many so-called millennials has sharply increased even as they are being forced to get by on significantly less income than the previous generation — a decline of about 15 percent in real terms since 2000, with much of that drop coming from the recession.
According to calculations by the Pew Research Center, the measure of debt to income for households under the age of 35 has ballooned to about 1.5-to-1 in 2010 from about 1-to-1 in 2001. The composition of that debt has shifted, too: more is tied to student debts, and less to homes. “Having a lot of student loan debt makes it harder to qualify for a mortgage and harder to save for a down payment,” said Jed Kolko, the chief economist at Trulia.
With the interest rate on some federal student loans set to double on July 1, House Republicans and Senate Democrats have both put forward proposals to try to hold them down. Representative John Kline, Republican of Minnesota, has proposed tying the rate on several federal student loans to the government’s borrowing costs. Democratic senators, including Dick Durbin of Illinois, have made a similar proposal. Some have suggested going further: Senator Elizabeth Warren, Democrat of Massachusetts, has proposed letting students borrow at the same “discount rate” that the Federal Reserve charges to banks, currently 0.75 percent.
Student loan debt is not only constraining young adults, but also, at least in the near term, holding back the recovery itself, some economists say. The shadows might remain even as the economy picks up, by making young workers more cautious when it comes to decisions about their careers and their finances. Millennials might end up buying less expensive homes or more often choosing to rent than previous generations.
“The debt is shifting how much young people can spend, and it can also be a powerful psychological thing as well,” said Selma Hepp, an economist at the California Association of Realtors. On the other side of the equation, many college graduates now in their 20s and early 30s should eventually be able to make up for lost ground. Students who take on debt to pay for higher education commit themselves to paying off huge sums, but they usually lift their lifetime earnings by substantial amounts. And they are in a better position to insulate themselves against economic bad times, given the profound rewards the job market provides to the college-educated.
Indeed, the economy is far more punishing to workers without a college degree. The college-educated earn, on average, 80 percent more than those who only completed high school, a premium that has widened over the last 30 years. Unemployment rates for the less educated are higher, too. For most young workers, gaining a college degree remains well worth it in the long run, even if it delays some purchases in the near term. “For an individual going to college and ending up with a lot of debt — you’re still better off,” said Chris G. Christopher of the forecasting firm IHS Global Insight. There might, however, be a slice of young workers who paid huge sums for degrees that prove less valuable on the job market, saddled by a debt burden that could end up holding them back for decades.
Mr. Gill said his education remained a vital investment, even if the debt overhang has for now put white picket fences or a condo with a gleaming view out of reach. “Sometimes I think: ‘What if I were to buy an apartment?’ ” he said. “It is like asking: ‘What am I going to do when I first land on the moon? What’s the first thought that I will have when I see Earth from outer space?’”
Copyright 2013 The New York Times Company. All rights reserved.
Depending on state law regulations, a motorist may have their driver’s license suspended if they have an outstanding debt related to a civil judgment. For instance, back child support payments or lack of insurance are common reasons why someone may have their license put under suspension. While it is true a suspension is a consequence, [...]